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访客2年前 (2021-07-01)英语课件54

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小学英语语法时态讲解与归纳—一般现在时 一. 意义:表示经常发生的事情,动作或存在的状态 二. 构成及变化 1.be动词的变化。
肯定句: 主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如: i am a boy.我是一个男孩。 否定句:主语+ be + not +其它。如:he is not a worker.他不是工人。
一般疑问句:be +主语+其它。 如:-are you a student? -yes. i am. / no, i'm not.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:where is my bike?
2. 行为动词的变化。 l
当主语为第一,二人称及复数时,助动词为do
肯定句:主语+动词原形(+其它)。如: we often play basketball after school. 否定句:主语+ don't+动词原形(+其它)。如:we don’t play basketball after school. 一般疑问句:do +主语+动词原形+其它?
如: do you often play basketball after school l? yes, we do. / no, we don't. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+以do开头的一般疑问句? 如: what do you often do after school ? l
当主语为第三人称单数时 , 助动词为does
肯定句:主语+动词三单式(+其它)。如: he swims well.
否定句:主语+ doesn’t+动词原形(+其它)。如:he doesn’t swim well.. 一般疑问句:does +主语+动词原形+其它。 如:does he swim well ? yes, he does. / no, he doesn't.
特殊疑问句:疑问词+以does开头的一般疑问句? 如: how does your father go to work?
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三.第三人称单数的动词变化规则(只有在第三人称为主语的肯定句中,动词才用三单式)(1)多数动词直接加s: runs gets likes collets takes plays climbs…….
(2)结尾是s, x, sh, ch, o,前为辅音字母, 结尾加es : watches teaches goes does washes crosses mixes brushes
(3)动词末尾y前为辅音:将y改为i加es: study→studies fly→flies carry→carries cry→cries
但在y前如果为元音则直接加s: buys says
四.时间标志:always , usually , often , sometimes ,every… 现在进行时
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一.意义——当表示现在正在进行的动作或正在发生的事。 二.构成:
be (am, is ,are )+动词现在分词-ing形式
肯定句: 主语 + be + 现在分词v-ing (+ 其他) i’m doing my homework now .
否定句:主语+be+not+动词-ing +其他. i’m not doing my homework now. 一般疑问句:be+主语+动词-ing +其他?
are you doing your home work now? yes, i am . no , i’m not .
特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be+主语+动词-ing+其他?
what are you doing now ? 三. 现在分词的构成:
(1)一般在动词末尾直接加ing,
(2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加ing,
如 skate →skating make →making dance → dancing write → writing have → having ride → riding come → coming
(3)以重读闭音节结尾的动词,中间只有一个元音字母,词尾只有一个辅音字母,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing, 如: putting running beginning
stopping swimming shopping jogging sitting getting forgetting letting

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.
时间标志
——
now
,句前的
look ,listen
小学英语语法讲解与归纳

一般过去时

一.
意义
:
表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态
.
常与一般过去时态连用的
时间有:

yesterday,
yesterday morning (afternoon, evening…)

last night (week, month, year…),

a moment ago , a week
ago, three years ago…

just now,
二.构成及变化

1. be
动词在一般过去时中的变化:

am

is
在一般过去时中变为
was
。(
was not=wasn’t


are
在一般过去时中变为
were
。(
were not=weren’t


带有
was

were
的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和
is, am, are
一样,即否定句在
was

were
后加
not
,一般疑问句把
was

were
调到句首。

2.
行为动词在一般过去时中的变化

肯定句



主语

+
动词的过去式

.
i watched a film last sunday .
否定句



主语
+ didn’t +
动词原形
.
i didn’t watch a film last sunday .

一般疑问句:
did +
主语

+
动词原形

?
did you watch a film last sunday ? yes, i did . no , i didn’t .

特殊疑问句:疑问词
+

did
开头的一般疑问句

?

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