初中英语基本知识
一、反义词：
dangerous 危险的-safe安全的
difficult 难的 -easy容易的
exciting 激动人心的-boring枯燥的
expensive 昂贵的-cheap便宜的
popular 受欢迎的-unpopular不受欢迎的
relaxing 放松的-tiring累人的
badly 坏地-well好地
carefully 认真地-carelessly粗心地
late 晚-early早
loudly 大声地-quietly安静地
二.词汇
1. be good at sth 擅长某事
be good at doing sth 擅长做某事
例如：我哥哥擅长篮球。
My brother is good at basketball.
我哥哥擅长打蓝球。
My brother is good at playing basketball
在每周六上午九点半 at 9:30 am every Saturday
早到这儿 get here early
晚到那儿 arrive there late
坐在黑板前sit in front of the blackboard
在教室后面at the back of the classroom
三.句型
1. 位移动词用现在进行时表示将来时。如：
她将去学校。
She is going to school.
她将离开学校
She is leaving for school.
2. It’s +形容词 + to do sth
学习英语很难。
It’s very difficult to learn English.
3. 对某人讲得又慢又大声
speak slowly and loudly to sb（宾格）.
slowly 和loudly为副词，副词修饰动词。
4.需要做某事need to do sth
我们需要每天打扫教室。
We need to clean the classroom every day.
He needs to learn English quickly.
How does he need to learn English?
5.想要做某事want to do sth
我们想要打蓝球。We want to play basketball.
6. No one 谓语动词用单数。如：没人要踢足球。
No one wants to play football.
7. It’s +物性形容词 +for sb to do sh
对他来说学习数学很简单。
It’s very easy for him to learn math.
work hard 努力学习/工作 （这里 hard 就是副词）
speak English well 这里 well 就是副词
do some sightseeing 游览
go sightseeing 去观光
带某人参观……take sb. around …
将持续到……will continue until …
17. She likes running and she likes cycling, too.
She likes running and she also likes cycling.
also反在实义动词前，be动词和情态动词后。
18. 我不喜欢迟到。I don’t like to be late.
19. 我不喜欢跑步和骑自行车。I don’t like running or cycling.
20. so 因此；所以 在英语句子中不能与because同时用
如：我饿了，所以想去买点吃的。
I’m hungry so I’m going to buy some food.
21. more ＋（形容词或副词）原级＝比较级
more popular more exciting more dangerous
more tired more quickly
22. much, a little, even ＋（形容词或副词）比较级
much bigger, much better, much more popular
Pan Changjiang is funnier than Yao Ming.
句子中有than，要用比较级
比较级规则变化口诀：
比较级，要变化，一般词尾加er。(long-longer)
词尾若有哑音e, 直接加r就可以。(nice-nicer)
重读闭音节， 单辅音字母要双写。(hot-hotter)
辅音字母若加y, 记得把y变为i。(happy-happier)
